The efficacy and function of amino acids

Publish：1 Time：2013-10-18 hits：195次

1. The digestion and absorption of proteins in the body are accomplished through amino acids: protein, as the primary nutrient in the body, plays an obvious role in food nutrition, but it cannot be directly utilized in the human body. Instead, it is utilized by transforming into small molecules of amino acids.
2. Nitrogen balance effect: When the quality and quantity of protein in the daily diet are appropriate, the amount of nitrogen intake is equal to the amount of nitrogen excreted from feces, urine, and skin, which is called the total nitrogen balance. In fact, it is a balance between the continuous synthesis and decomposition of proteins and amino acids. The daily protein intake of a normal person should be maintained within a certain range. When there is a sudden increase or decrease in intake, the body can still regulate protein metabolism to maintain nitrogen balance. Excessive intake of protein beyond the body's regulatory capacity can disrupt the balance mechanism. Not eating protein at all, the tissue protein in the body still decomposes, and negative nitrogen balance continues to occur. If not corrected in a timely manner, it will eventually lead to antibody death.
3. Transformed into sugars or fats: a-ketoacids produced by the breakdown metabolism of amino acids are metabolized along the metabolic pathways of sugars or fats according to their different characteristics. A-ketoacids can be synthesized into new amino acids, converted into sugars or fats, or enter the tricarboxylic cycle for oxidation and decomposition into CO2 and H2O, releasing energy.
4. Participating in the formation of enzymes, hormones, and some vitamins: The chemical essence of enzymes is proteins (composed of amino acid molecules), such as amylase, pepsin, cholinesterase, carbonic anhydrase, transaminase, etc. The components of nitrogen-containing hormones are proteins or their derivatives, such as growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, adrenaline, insulin, and intestinal stimulating hormone. Some vitamins are converted from amino acids or exist in combination with proteins. Enzymes, hormones, and vitamins play a crucial role in regulating physiological functions and catalyzing metabolic processes.
5. The requirement for essential amino acids in the human body: The requirement for essential amino acids in adults is about 20% to 37% of the protein requirement.